Anxiety disorder is a persistent and severe feeling of apprehension, irrational fear and concern. People with anxiety disorder are in a perpetual state of fight or flight. It is a debilitating condition that causes insomnia, shortness of breath and a pounding heart.
Benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed class of drugs used to treat anxiety. They work by enhancing the effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) in the nervous system. This slows nerve impulses and causes anti-anxiety and sedative effects. Benzodiazepines are not recommended for long-term use because they are controlled substances. There are five benzodiazepine alternatives that work to relieve anxiety and should be tried first.
- Passionflower was first used by Native Americans in North America. In the Nutrition Journal, investigators reviewed 24 passionflower studies in 2,000 subjects. The review concluded that there was strong evidence for the use of passionflower for anxiety. In a placebo-controlled study of 60 surgical patients, those who were given passionflower had significantly less anxiety. The study dose was 500 mg of passionflower.
- Valerian is an herbal remedy used for thousands of years for its sedative properties. Like benzodiazepine, valerian has an affinity for the GABA receptors. Valerian exerts its effect without causing dependence as seen with benzodiazepine. It is used throughout Europe to treat anxiety and insomnia. A 1993 study demonstrated that Valerian has a faster onset of action than prescription anti-anxiety drugs. Valerian should not be used to treat acute anxiety because it takes two or three weeks to relieve symptoms. The dried root is used to make tea and dietary supplements. The usual dose is 50 to 100 mg taken two or three times a day.
- Magnesium is a crucial mineral used by the body in more than 300 enzymatic reactions. A magnesium deficiency can induce anxiety, restlessness, panic attacks and irritability. In a French, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 264 patients, there was a statistically significant reduction in anxiety and depression. Study participants received a 300 mg dose. Practitioners generally recommend 400 to 1,200 mg of magnesium.
- L-Theanine is a free amino acid found primarily in tea plants. It crosses the blood-brain barrier and promotes the alpha wave brain state in which the brain is in a state of relaxed concentration. Some call it nature’s Valium because it increases the levels of GABA in the nervous system. The recommended dose is 200 to 400 mg daily.
- There are eleven B vitamins that work synergistically to support overall good health. A deficiency in the B vitamins can cause anxiety, restlessness and fatigue. When treating anxiety, it is better to use a B complex rather than individual B vitamins. Practitioners recommend taking a 50 mg complex once or twice daily.